The three important problem solving tools are:
1. Data Models
2. Data Structures
3. Algorithms
Data models are abstractions used to describe problems. Graphs is an example of a data model.
Use abstractions to formulate solutions to problems. For example, graphs are a way to model data and provide data abstraction to manipulate data effectively to solve problems.
Data structures are programming language constructs used to represent data models. For example, built-in abstractions such as structs and pointers. This can be used to construct data structures to represent complex abstractions such as graphs.
Algorithms are techniques used to obtain solutions by manipulating data as represented by the abstractions of a data model, by data structures or by other means.