Yes, Cloudflare can be used to restrict traffic to only certain countries. Cloudflare provides a feature called "Country Challenge" that allows you to restrict access to your website based on the country of origin for a visitor. This feature works by using Cloudflare's global network of data centers to determine the country of origin for a visitor based on their IP address.
To use the Country Challenge feature, you need to log in to your Cloudflare account, select the domain you want to restrict, and navigate to the "Firewall" section. In the Firewall section, you can create a new firewall rule that restricts access to your website based on the country of origin for a visitor. You can select the allowed countries from a list of countries and configure the rule to either block or challenge visitors from other countries.
The Country Challenge feature is a powerful tool for restricting website traffic to only certain countries and can be used to improve the security and performance of your website. However, it's important to note that IP-based filtering and geo-location APIs are not 100% accurate, so it's always a good idea to test the feature with your specific use case to make sure it's working as expected.